Scientists Make A Breakthrough In The Key Step of Quantum Te
Time:2019-02-20 19:48 | From:未知
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author:deyibang
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According to foreign media reports, recently, researchers have developed a way to use "hyperbolic metamaterials to enhance the single photon emission, and it is the gateway to the development of quantum computer and quantum communication technology equipment.
Optical meta materials can use the cloud (to be surface plasmons) to manipulate light. Before this, purdue university researchers have used layers of titanium nitride and insulating aluminum nitride scandium produced "superlattice". Different from the other used precious metals such as gold and silver plasma components, the new super material is compatible with complementary metal oxide semiconductor manufacturing process (used in the production of integrated circuit).
It is reported that the metamaterial is hyperbolic, meaning that it has a special nature which can increase light output. In a recent study, researchers will adhere nano diamond containing nitrogen vacancy center to the new super material surface and thus increases the generation of single photon. Single photon is the quantum information processing unit, the development of the new super material will bring great help for future supercomputers, encryption technology and communication technology development .
"These results suggest that single photon transmitters based on the nano diamond located on the surface of the hyperbolic metamaterials can boost the production of single photon," Alexander Kildishev, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at purdue university said, "the single photon emitter can be used to develop high efficiency single photon source compatible with room temperature CMOS."
Research findings are published on the January 15th on the Laser & Photonics Reviews. The work is done together by researchers from purdue university, Russia quantum center, Moscow, Lebedev institute of physics and physics institute of technology photon nanotechnology company (Photonic Nano - Meta Technologies Inc) .
Thesis author, graduate Mikhail (Mikhail Shalaginov Y.)said, the nitrogen vacancy center is atomic defect in diamond lattice, is neighboring voids formed by nitrogen atom instead of a carbon atom. It will contain vacancy center of nano diamond put on the surface of the hyperbolic metamaterials which not only can enhance the photon emission, but also change the photon emission model --critical in the development of quantum devices. Mikhail and Alexander Kildishev cooperating with the team of the researcher Vladimir m. Shalaev, which is the director of the purdue university Birck nanotechnology nano photonics and also an excellent professor of electrical and computer engineering. In addition, the assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering called Alexandra Boltasseva is alos in this research.They are all "outstanding team" members at purdue university specializing in quantum optics .
The system newly developed represents a stable single photon source which can work at room temperature, thus has great potential for commercial application. When exposed to laser, the system will jump from the "ground state" to "excited state", which spontaneously emits a single photon. Kildishev said: "We hope that we can make it release photons faster in order to increase emission rate."
Results show that the system has the capability of producing a single photon faster, and can generate a larger number of single photons in more directions. Metamaterials have the surface that could be modified, different characteristics, patterns, or elements, such as miniature antenna or the adjustment of the nitride layer can manipulate light in an unprecedented way. Optical metamaterials is composed of artificial atoms and molecules with the potentiality for precise engineering on the nanoscale.
The development of quantum computer based on two phenomena described by quantum theory : quantum superposition and quantum entanglement. Different from the traditional computer with only two kinds of conditions 0 s and 1 s, a quantum computer has many possible "quantum superposition state". Computers based on quantum physics will contain quantum qubits and improve the abilities of quantum computer processing, preservation and information transmission. Nitrogen atom space also makes it possible to use of the nucleus or electronic "spin" status to record information which is vital for quantum computing. Spin can be "up" or "down" -- forming two kinds of states of quantum superposition--represents a new technology of information processing.
Future research may include the improvement of the system, using the combination of hyperbolic super material and nano antenna, optical waveguide devices, improving the efficiency of the system and making the system more compact. Next, the researchers will improve the system of "spinning" character and use nitrogen atoms vacancy to research the optical contrast between two states "up and down".